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Design of Steel Shelter as per IS 800

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Designing a steel shelter requires a clear understanding of structural stability, safety, and economy. In India, the IS 800:2007 – General Construction in Steel Code of Practice serves as the primary standard for the design and construction of steel structures, including shelters, sheds, canopies, and industrial buildings. This code lays down the requirements for both limit state and working stress methods.

Key Considerations for Steel Shelter Design

  1. Type of Shelter
    The design approach depends on whether the shelter is a temporary or permanent structure, its intended use (e.g., industrial, storage, or residential), and environmental exposure conditions.
  2. Load Calculations
    • Dead Load (DL): Includes self-weight of structural steel members, roofing sheets, and accessories.
    • Live Load (LL): As per IS 875 (Part 2), depending on roof accessibility and occupancy.
    • Wind Load (WL): Calculated as per IS 875 (Part 3) considering terrain, topography, and structure class.
    • Seismic Load (EQ): If applicable, design must follow IS 1893 (Part 1).
  3. Load Combinations
    IS 800 specifies load combinations under Limit State Design (LSD), such as:
    • 1.5 (DL + LL)
    • 1.5 (DL + WL)
    • 1.2 (DL + LL + WL)
    • 1.2 (DL + LL + EQ)
  5. Member Design
    Steel members like columns, rafters, and purlins are designed for axial, bending, and combined forces as per IS 800, considering limit states of strength (yielding, buckling) and serviceability (deflection control).
  6. Connections
    Bolted or welded connections must follow IS 800 guidelines, with special focus on gusset plates, cleats, and splice design.
  7. Deflection Criteria
    For steel shelters, L/180 to L/240 deflection limits (where L is the span) are commonly adopted for purlins and beams to avoid excessive deformation.
  8. Corrosion Protection
    Since steel shelters are exposed to the environment, galvanizing or painting as per IS 800 recommendations ensures longer life.
Click Here to Download Editable Design of Steel Shelter as per IS 800 with STAAD Analysis File
Design of Steel ShedDownload

Advantages of Steel Shelter Design

  • Lightweight and high strength-to-weight ratio compared to RCC structures.
  • Quick fabrication and erection with prefabricated steel members.
  • Ease of expansion or modification in future.
  • Sustainable and recyclable construction material.

IS 800 Design Methodology

IS 800 (2007) recommends Limit State Design (LSD) for steel structures, which includes:

  • Limit State of Strength: Ensures no collapse under factored loads.
  • Limit State of Serviceability: Controls deflections and vibrations for comfort and durability.

The code also provides detailed design equations for:

  • Tension members (Cl. 6.2)
  • Compression members (Cl. 7)
  • Flexural members (Cl. 8)
  • Connections (Cl. 10)

Conclusion

The design of steel shelters, when executed according to IS 800 provisions, results in safe, economical, and durable structures. By following proper load combinations, member sizing, and corrosion protection measures, engineers can create efficient shelters that meet both functional and aesthetic needs.

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