Types of Pile Foundation
- A pile foundation is a series of columns constructed into the ground to transfer loads to a lower level of subsoil.
- Piles are long cylinders made of a strong material, such as concrete or steel.
- Piles are pushed into the ground to act as a steady support for structures built on top of them
Bored Pile –Conventional Tripod Rig
- Boring by DMC Method.
- Boring by Bailor, Chisel method.
- Diameter possible 400 –1500mm.
- Pile can be chiselledinto soft rock& Hard rock.
- Lowering the reinforcement& concreting done by the rig.
- Best method for quality.
- Time consuming.
Bored Pile – Tractor Mounted Hydraulic Rig
- Boring cannot be done in Soft rock & Hard rock.
- Diameter possible is from 150mm –1000mm.
- Cannot do reinforcement lowering & Concreting, Crane required for same.
Bored Pile –Hydraulic Rotary Rig
- Boring done by Auger drilling method – Soil Auger & Rock Auger.
- Diameter possible 500mm -2500mm.
- Boring can be done in soft & HardRock.
- Boring will be faster.
- Reinforcement & Concreting canbe done with this rig.
Driven Pile –Conventional A -Frame Rig
- Piling is done by driving full casing with a pile shoe at the bottom.
- Diameter possible 300mm – 600mm.
- Pile can be done upto hard strata only.
- Progress will be faster.
Driven pile –Pneumatic Hydraulic Driven Rig
- Piling is done by driving full casing with a pile shoe at the bottom.
- Diameter possible 300mm – 600mm.
- Pile can be done upto hard strata only.
- Progress will be faster than A Frame.
Compaction pile –Vibro-Float Method
- By wet method
- By dry method
- Top feeding
- Bottom feeding
Sheet pile
- Using driven pile method
- Vibro-hammer method
- Can be done uptohard strata only.
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Initial load Test
- Test is done on a non-working pile to ascertain the design load.
- Load test is done 2.5 times the design load
- Increment is given at the rate of 20% of design load
- The next increment is given when the rate of displacement is 0.2mm per hour or else after 2 hours
- Increment is continued till 2.5 times is achieved or ultimate failure
- Displacement of pile is measured using calibrated dial gauges
- The result will be based on the lowest values of the following:
- 2/3rdof the load at which the settlement is12 mm for pile diaupto600 mm or
- 2% for pile diabetween 600 to 900 mm and 18 mm for pile diaabove 900
- 50% of the load at which the pile settlement is 10% of the diaof the pile
Routine Load test
- Vertical compression Test
- Lateral test
- Pull-out test
Vertical compression test static
Lateral test
pull out test
pile integrity test
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